The Depression and the New Deal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Depression and the newfound Deal - Essay ExampleWhen Roosevelt assumed office in 1933, he displaced a president who had failed to solve the riddle of 20th-century presidential communication how to mobilize a battalion public separated from him by time and space. Indeed, it is unclear that Herbert clean even recognized his dilemma. For most of his presidency, Hoover preferred to confine his interactions to Washington elites he preferred not to address the national public. Throughout his presidency, he held to his belief that the depression of 1929-1939 was a consequence of economic laws and cycles, and that, consequently, his time was best spent making constitution rather than communicating with the public1 (Schlesinger 1957 cited in Carcasson 1998). During the presidential campaign of 1932, Hoover rejected a suggestion that he make a series of 10minute radio addresses, saying that it was difficult to deal with anything over the radio keep out generalities, without embarrassi ng actual accomplishments that are going forward (cited in Abbott 1990).In contrast, Roosevelt was determined to use the advanced medium of radio to establish a firm relationship with the public. It was during his term as governor of New York, from 1928 to 1932, that Roosevelt developed a rationalized system for using the radio to establish a relationship with the public (Peters 2000). Roosevelt created an efficient, systematic, and predictable publicity system, one that was acknowledged at the time to be the slickest peacetime publicity effort ever seen in U.S. politics to that date (Ward 1999). Besides promoting positive newspaper coverage of the New Deal, an important function of this co-ordinated activity was the projection of Roosevelts personality to the public. Its message was that the New Deal was taking positive, effective measures to help people, and the death chair was firmly in control of, and responsible for, this process. The organized nature of these publicity effo rts carried over to the production of the residence Chats. According to Fine (cited in Sussman & Daynes 2004), much like radio and movie scripts, the Chats were produced by committee. Various groups of officials, from departmental officials to cabinet members to advisors who held no official government position, participated in their production. Each group produced information that was funneled to a primal group charged with putting the pieces together. Fine went on to note that President Roosevelt read from each one draft, paying(a) careful attention to word length and the number of ss1. He wanted short, simple statements, with no abstractions, or what he called weasel words. He paid careful attention to the rhythm and timing of each speech, speaking each draft out loud to ensure a proper pace. He often wrote the conclusion himself, so as to end on a proper high note. Throughout, he used the public vox populi data collected by his staff to fashion his appeal in ways likely to strike with his mass audience. The resulting chat, looked much like a cuesheet for a stage play. All the signals were clearly marked the pauses by dashes, the word to be emphasized is underlined, the phrase marked for special treatment1. In their structure,

Issues in Global Warming Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Issues in Global Warming - Re search Paper ExampleThe core prime(prenominal) surface to be hit by the radiations suffers the most. Such surfaces may include trees in the forest, surfaces of the ocean, ice caps, and deserts. light-green ho example effect causes the tune to absorb more heat energy within the earths surface by absorbing and re-emitting long waves of energy from the re-emitted energy, 90% is captured by the glasshouse gases. A greenhouse gas is a gas in the atmosphere that absorbs as well as, emits radiation inside a thermal infrared range. The primary greenhouse gases that are in the earth atmosphere are primarily water vapor, hundred dioxide which has the, ability to absorb radiation in the long wave, methane its mainly sources are termites, landfills, coal mining as well as, inunct extractions its formula, is ch4, another gas is nitrous oxide found in the atmosphere and its sources are fossil fuel combustion, biomass burning as well as application of fertilize rs, its formula is N2O. They snuff it naturally in an atmosphere with a molecular composition, more than one atom, are loosely move together to be able to vibrate with the absorption of heat, they act as a blanket for infrared radiation, where they radiate energy close to the surface that escapes directly to space. Atmospheric coulomb dioxide is more concentrated directly than at any time in at least 171 year back. It is rough 35% high than the year 1840. The present carbon dioxide concentration in the earths atmosphere is at a concentration of 392ppm by volume or 592 parts/million by mass. The total amount of atmospherical carbon dioxide in mass is about 3000, gigatonnes. Since 1860, in that respect has been an increase of carbon dioxide concentration due to the get on of industrialization as well as human interference such as deforestation as well as combustion of fossil fuel. Also about 40% of the carbon dioxide emitting is by volcanoes during eruptions which is approxima tely 130-230 million tones, another source of carbon dioxide emission is hot springs. Human carbon dioxide production, use of coal, oil as well as, production of cement, is high as 7.g million mass. Interglacials caused the rise of temperatures about 30% in carbon dioxide, with this hypothesis is correct then, temperatures rises by about 6 centigrade between 1840 to date. Another effort for an increase in carbon dioxide is through human respiration that produces 0.6 Gt c of carbon dioxide. Increased carbon dioxide increases the level of acidity in seawater, caused by an increase in carbon dioxide absorption in the sea water, which testament increase and will result to affecting organism in the sea water in addition with the increase of acidity, and then there will be a decrease of carbonates for forming shells. Also from the increase of carbon dioxide, there will be acidic rain due to absorption of carbon dioxide by the clouds that will have an effect to the plants as well as tre es, from this there will be no forest. Thus, there will be no rainfall resulting to drought as well as hunger. Another issue from the increase of carbon dioxide to the environment is the development of smogs into the cities contributed mainly by factories. It is paramount to use the results obtained form researches and environmental forecasts, which would help in understanding the real effectiveness of global warming

History of voice coil of a speaker Research Paper

History of voice axial rotation of a speaker - Research authorship ExampleA voice coil in a speaker is the loop of a wire connected to the top side of a loudspeaker system conduit. Its main function is to give the motive ram down to the conduit by use of magnetic field created by current passing through it. The common loudspeaker that is currently in use was developed in the 1920s and uses a magnetic force to go away a coil that is attached to a diaphragm.Information passing capabilities of a system through a magnetic-core, memory circuits and peripheral magnetic storage and retrieval devices was a challenge that faced traditional scientists. Although the narrative of voice coil technologies is particularly complex and tumultuous. Voice coil has been made in linear and dress circle designs, but the rotary design has become the dominant design because it requires less space (Kamm, 1996). A a lot less expensive mechanism is a stepper motor, in which a shaft rotates in disting uishable steps to new positions in response to changes in the surrounding magnetic field. The functioning of the voice coil and related associates is final stagely related to the invoice of magnetics. It is recorded that around 1820s a scientist, Hans Christian, demonstrated that magnetism was linked to electric current through the use of a wire carrying an electric current close to a magnetic field. This caused a deflection of the compass needle, which was being used at the time of the try (Schilders, Vorst, & Rommes, 2008). It is important to note that current flows causes the emergence of a magnetic field in the neighboring field.The history of voice coil indicates how abstract scientists ideas of this device has been ongoing since the invention of magnetism. Before any concrete advances could be made utilizing magnetism, scientists needed new tools and techniques that could be used to hear sound from a speaker (Brauer, 2006). unmatchable of the challenge was an inability to construct novel experimental materials with the

Recognition of the Teaching Profession Coursework

Recognition of the Teaching Profession - Coursework ExampleCertain jobs earn a lot of bills even though they have greater value in society such as entertainment, athletes and many a(prenominal) others. However, teaching jobs earn a mere fraction of that amount and yet they are the main contributors to high-quality education. Teachers are the key pillars of a sound and progressive society because they are the main seminal fluid of knowledge and value to everyone pursuing a different career hence, they should get higher pay.Teachers perform varied roles in their victor duties, thus teaching is one of the significant roles of a teacher in the learning environment. It includes planning, preparing lessons or courses, assessing students, recording, and report on the progression of students. A teacher is required to teach according to the education needs of their students including place setting examinations and marking the work of students. Other activities include promoting the gene ral well-being and progress of students in the class, offering steerage and counseling to students on education or social matters, managing or coordinating, as well as, communicating efficaciously with the school authorities. Moreover, the value of teachers is based on the contributions that they make to learning or studies of their students. The teacher is a source of information, motivator, character builder and mentor thus, he or she should act as a role sit to the students. This is imperative because teaching is a profession that always demands additional value in order to take over the future demands of learners. Therefore, the value of teaching is that it molds the moral and ethical behaviors of students by preparing them towards a successful life in the future.

Indian folk dance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Indian ethnic music dance - hear ExampleFolk dances atomic number 18 the essential elements of almost every important event of Indian social life and celebration. Despite their extreme simplicity, all crime syndicate dances tend to convey certain messages to the community they last to with regard to their history or survival. As mentioned in the introduction, one of the important features of all Indian folk dances is their simplicity. Dancers normally wear colorful costumes having inceptional designs and symbols. They also wear extensive jewels which obviously enhance the execution and overall appeal. Though not classical in nature, Indian folk dances are evidently creative works that comprise certain artistic steps and postures. These steps are usually accompanied by rhythmic composition of some primitive musical instruments. Unlike classical dances, folk dances are hold dear by common people to express their joy on different occasions. To be more specific, folk dances mai ntain a social perspective rather than the mere manifestation of individual emotions. Bhangra Bhangra is a industrious folk dance originated from Punjab and is highly associated with harvest celebrations of the state. Therefore, normally it is performed on April 13, the day of Baishaki. The dance is accompanied by Punjabi Boliyaan lyrics and drum beats. The drummer plays a vital role in enhancing the tempo of dancers movements. The costume of Bhangra dancers reflects the typical Punjabi outfit. In do-gooder to the traditional turban on head, they wear colorful waistcoat and ghunghroos on ankles and Bhangra, fondly called Shaan of Punjab was introduced to Vancouver during the 1st world-wide Sports and Cultural Festival (Dances of India). Although Bhangra songs have been a major influence on the Indian film persistence Bollywood for decades, obviously Bhangra has got mixed with western classical music. As Huq (121) points out, a bhangra/hip hop crossover has been viewable in the UK produced rap for the recent years. According to the writer, the bhangra beats and Punjabi lyrics have been a major influence on western world of music since 1980s. In other words, Bhangra has been highly influenced by the various dance periods chiefly because of its vulnerability to amalgamate with other cultures and art forms. For instance, as Roy (22) argues, contemporary bhangra fails to reflect its primitive folk origin or other classificatory boundaries. Obviously bhangra has become a popular art despite its Indian origin as a primitive folk dance. Padayani this is one of the important traditional folk dances say to have promoted by some temples of Southern Kerala in India. The most fascinating feature of this art is the Kolam, the massive mask which is the imitation of some divine and semi divine characters including Bhairavi, Kali, Kalan, Yakshi etc. The masks or chest-covers the performers wear are extremely huge so that no one can identify the persons. Although resear chers are deeply at odds, the origin of Padayani traces back to several centuries. As reported in The Hindu, some are of the opinion that Padayani originated

Legal Writing And Taking Question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Legal indite And Taking Question - Essay Example in that respect are a few issued withdrawd. First There was no paper contract. All agreements were verbal. Second Does Dons offer to have Peters father move in diagnose an offer? Did Peters last(a) statement constitute a counter-offer? An executeable contract has the following elements Competent parties, court-ordered subject matter, offer, acceptance and consideration (OBrien et al, 2005). Both parties here were legally competent. The underlying subject matter, purchasing treat home assistance, is wholly legal. It is the last three that might be problematic. An offer is simply a design to make a deal. There are the offerer and the offeree Don and Peter, respectively. Any counter-offer made by the early(a) party rescinds this. Acceptance is a communication of desire to accept the offer. Consideration is, effectively, payment, either of money or of services rendered. Finally, verbal contracts have the force of law. However, if a contract is verbal, it has the risk of being difficult to enforce due to disagreement as to underlying fact, and some verbal contracts fall under fraud laws, specifically, if they involve more than a certain amount of money and cannot be performed within a given time. oral contracts tend to be enforceable when concrete steps were taken to comply with them.Following the conversation closely, the last statement Don makes is an offer. Effectively, Don offered Peter two weeks to move his father in, after Peter rung with his sister.

Research methods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Research methods - Essay causeAt the next level, the precise structure and the methods use for data appeal and analysis are anticipate to be less clear in soft studies compared to vicenary ones (Kumar 2010). As a result, a misunderstand may often results in regard to the characteristics of a qualitative study in certain qualitative studies, their design is identical with the data collection method, as, for example, in the case of the participant observation (Kumar 2010, p.104). Further differences endure be identified regarding the philosophical underpinning of the two approaches. More particularally, the qualitative studies are usually characterized as realistic, being depended on tender evidence, while the quantitative studies are positivistic (Rapport 2004, p.2), being depended on specific facts which erect be analysed using tools that can produce generalisable observations (Rapport 2004, p.2). On the other hand, qualitative studies are liable(predicate) to emphasize on the relationship between the causes and the effects of particular events while the qualitative studies are found on the analysis of human behaviour, as reflected in the responses of participants to a series of events. In accordance with lee(prenominal) (1999) one of the key characteristics of the qualitative approach is that it is context free (Lee 1999, p.8), meaning that it is not based on empirical results but it rather refers to findings that reflect the local conditions, as related to a series of events. From this evince of view, researchers using the qualitative approach give emphasis on the responses of participants to specific events (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill 2009) in opposition, in quantitative studies researchers tend to focus on the development of empirical results, which indispensableness to be fully justified, as of the methods used for generating them, and verified in qualitative approach, the researcher does not have such concerns since the qualitative stud y can refer to the views of a limited number of participants (Hansen 2007) these views do not have to be tested as of their validity as in the case of quantitative studies. Moreover, Elliott (2005) noted that qualitative and quantitative approaches can be characterized as divergent genres (Elliott 2005, p.184), based on different methods of data presentation in quantitative studies, efforts need to be made for persuading the readers on the validity of results (Elliott 2005, p.184). In qualitative studies there is no such public press the reader has to be informed on the responses of the participants without further explanations on the characteristics of the data and the process involved (Elliott 2005). prick B In the context of the qualitative approach a series of different data collection methods can be used, in accordance with the research aims, the availability of sources and the target population. In the study of Bryman and doorbell (2007) emphasis is given on the high range of data collection methods that respond to the requirements of the qualitative approach. book of facts is made to five of the most known methods of data collection as used in qualitative studies a) the participant observation in which the research has to observe the response of a group of persons to particular events usually, the social group chosen

Summary and Strong Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary and Strong Response - test Examplee author disputes the reports contention that these statistics do not indicate racial profiling or bias, claiming that the results argon compelling, particularly since Hispanic and black drivers argon more apt(predicate) to character police force than albumin drivers do. He uses evidence from the report that shows black drivers were twice as likely to be arrested at traffic spots, while Hispanics were more likely to receive tickets than white drivers (Robinson, 2007).The author continues to repugn that blacks have become used to the profiling that they are less likely to accept traffic charges than Hispanics and whites (Robinson, 2007). In addition, blacks stopped for traffic issues are twice as likely to be released without charge as white drivers, meaning that they were not in the wrong to begin with. He uses this as clear evidence of racial profiling and selective searches. The author concludes that, from the statistics in the report, if white drivers were stopped as often as Hispanics and blacks, they would set off thousands of new crimes (Robinson, 2007). However, because society does not want to be searched all the time, racial profiling continues unabated since Hispanics and blacks are easier targets.From the statistics provided by the author, I believe that racial profiling, especially on American roads, is still alive and well. From the statistics provided by the writer, it is obvious that Hispanics and blacks are more prone to be stopped and searched compared to white drivers. However, the manner in which he uses the statistics does not leave any room for additional factors as to why there is bias on Americas roads. For example, the statistics used do not factor in differences in driving patterns that are prevalent on the roads. Representation of Hispanic and black drivers among those stopped and searched could significantly differ from how the statistics used fight them in residential areas. People dri ving on major highways could be significantly different

Literature Review - Transformational Leadership Essay

Literature Review - Transformational Leadership - Essay ExampleIn his discussion on political leading, Burns defined transformational leadership as a process wherein leaders and followers mutually promote each other to higher levels of morality and motivation (Jandaghi Matin & Farjami, 2009, p. 211). Another rendering identifying transformational leadership as a process is that of Bass (1998) who described transformational leadership not as a characteristic but as a process wherein one person creates a link with another(prenominal) person, thereby establishing a connection that helps increase the level of motivation and morality, both for the leader and for the follower. Two elements depend common to these definitions, that of citing morality as the motivation for behavior, and the strong personal relationship between leader and follower, or between persons, as the source of that motivation. According to Barker (2001), leadership is (1) a process not specifically a function of th e person in charge, but a function of individual wills and needs communicate by the dynamics of the collective will (2) a process of adaptation and of evolution, a deviation from company involving the dynamic exchange and interchange of valuate and (3) a process of energy, not structure. Leadership and change because go hand in hand they are the two most important, yet most ruffianly elements of organizational behavior (Burnes & By, 2011). Leadership is concerned with bringing about transformational change. The fundamental differences between managers and leaders Managers rump be dismissed from their jobs for breaking rules leaders can be dismissed for not breaking the rules when it is called for. feat measures against which managers are evaluated are clear and short-term criteria for judging leaders are more vague and long-term. Transformational v transactional leadership The study by Jiao, Richards and Zhang (2011) observed that transformational leaders and transactional leaders are often viewed in collocation and therefore contrasted against each other. However, there are successful leaders whose style and approach applies both transactional and transformational leadership principles. Transactional leadership is described as a process whereby followers perform assigned tasks in pact with the leaders instructions in contemplation of rewards and praise, while leaders ensure that the promised remuneration or praise, together with the resources necessary to complete the task, are given as promised. The deal becomes a quid-pro-quo, a raillery with each party working towards their own self-interest. Transformational leadership, however, involves profound change, wherein the leaders raise their followers awareness of the value and importance of specified outcomes, and suggest ways by which the follower may attain these outcomes. Leaders beguile their followers and motivate them with a moral purpose, so that they transcend their personal interests and w ork for the collective benefit, in the process fulfilling a higher order need. When the two (i.e., transactional and

Session Hijacking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Session Hijacking - Essay ExampleThere are two types of attacks in school term hijacking namely the active and passive attack. In active attack, the hacker identifies a session that is active and takes over by force by forcing one member to be dormant(ip) (offline). In passive attack, there is hijacking of a session by a hacker who remains inactive and observes in pissation being transmitted from and to the computers. The attack strategy known as the denial of service is apply as a common component in these attacks to either crash it or jamming its net profit connection. In some instances a hybrid method of attack exists which the hacker may either chequer an active session for sometime before taking over or the attacker may root to inactively watch a session for sometime before becoming active and hijacking it (Hope & Walther, 2008). Another form of the hybrid method is where one watches a session and introduces data into the session that is active periodically with no intent ions of hijacking the session In perpetrating a session hijack, four methods are used. These are session fixation, session side jacking, and cross-side scripting. In session fixation, the attacker sets the id of the users session to another one, which is known to him. For instance, he can send an email to the user containing a link that has an id of a particular session and reckon for the user to log in.

Employee -Employer Relationship and Expectations Essay

Employee -Employer Relationship and Expectations - rise ExampleEven in the modern world where technology and machines have made lives easier for many, the need of gentlemans gentleman capital still persists because the common sense, creativity, problem solving skills and decision making abilities roll in the haynot be substituted by the machine rifle mechanics or computers. Therefore an efficient and effective interaction between the employers and employees leads to the success of the business (Buren & Greenwood, 2008). The soundless operation and presidencyal consistency greatly relies on setting the standard operating procedures which ensures that the working environment is secure and the work is carried out in the most -efficient manner. The SOPs can be re-evaluated and re-established with a meet feedback from the employees. If the management has an open door policy, this can be an advantage in the betterment of the business because of the unconditional input of employees due to the natural free thinking. The feedback is analysed by the employees and is utilised in the better(p) way practicable that helps the business without compromising its quality, consistency and reliability. This also improves on the decision making of the management. But, the employee- employer relationship is very critical. The both of employees and employers are antithetical from each other and if these are not somehow met, it results in a conflict. EMPLOYEE EMPLOYER descent AND EXPECTATIONS The relationship between an employer and its employees is not just based merely on economic terms, further it is overmuch more than that. It is an important relationship that is based on mutual dependency and has a great extend to on the working and progress of an overall organisation. A set of values and norms that are applicable on all members of the organisation members persists and must be followed. This makes the culture of an organisation that gives it a uniqueness and iden tification (Zientara, 2009). The work in professional life, is like a second home to an individual, so his job is an extremely valued possession that has an effect on a lot of factors. The relationships that an individual maintains at the workplace are different from those that are his personal, and therefore must be very carefully sustained. The employer-employee relationship is the most complicated unity and each has a level of expectations from one another. There always has been and will always be an assured push and pull between the employers and employees that cannot be evaded. But if they work together with a mutual consent, they can come up to each others level (Zhang, Tsui, Song, Li, & Jia, 2008). Experts say that this tug of war between employer and employee helps to build the synergy vital for focused approach towards the collective marks of the organisation (Evanschitzky, Groening, Mittal, & Wunderlich, 2011). The organisation is a order of numerous units working to gether collectively to achieve one goal the organisations goal. Along the way, the employee tries to achieve his/her goals be it experience, thirst for knowledge, or the never ending need to financial security while using the employees goal as a driving force the employers try to align these goals with the strategy of the organisation. Experts also say that this is the best way to make a winning solution, using the zeal and creativity of the employee, help them achieve their goals but align them according to the goals of the organisation. Why is it so necessary to align all the expectations and the goals together? Why does an organisation needs this synergy? The

Discussion 10 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Discussion 10 - Essay Examplee a model to guide practice because of need for consistency in problem solution and possible cleverness that follows repeated use of a particular model. Consistency is necessary for reliability because models have different elements and parts that could bulge out differences in results. Identifying and relying on a single model however resolves this and allows for a basis for comparisons. Repeated application of a model also ensures competence in its application for better accurate evidence.The four models ar similar in their methodology to evidence based practice in that they are structured. The Stetler model has tailfin major steps preparation, validation, comparative evaluation, application, and evaluation (Profetto-McGrath, Polit, & Beck, 2010, p. 376, 377). The IOWA model identifies such steps as recognizing triggers, evaluating priority, identification of problem, and instruction execution of a change (Profetto-McGrath, Polit, & Beck, 2010). Despite existence of well-defined methodologies in the models, each model has its specific procedure and this establishes the models differences (Profetto-McGrath, Polit, & Beck, 2010 Ackley, 2008). The models are also suitable for different areas of specialization. While the IOWA model is suitable for practice in areas with bound evidence, John Hopkins models is suitable for scientific research and Rosswurn & Larrabee model is suitable for acute care scenarios (Rempher, 2006).In selecting a model in a setting, I would consider suitability of the model for the setting and complexity of the problem. This is because the factors are significant to successful intepratation of evidence (Profetto-McGrath, Polit, & Beck, 2010).Rempher, K. (2006). Putting theory into practice Six steps to success. American treasure Today. Retrieved from

Case Study Portfolio Grangewood Paper Limited Essay

Case adopt Portfolio Grangewood Paper Limited - Essay ExampleIn each instance both criminal and urbane liability can be founded. In addition, Grangewood is accountable to the Environment Agency. This paper will critically rate each of these duties and their respective consequences.In order to understand how poor waste management constitutes a bring out of both statutory and common law duties it is necessary to define waste and the wellness risks associated with waste. The Department for Environment, forage and Rural Affairs divides waste into commercial, industrial and municipal waste.1 Municipal waste is typically waste given up of by households, schools and small businesses. Commercial and industrial waste is collected from the business and manufacturing sectors respectively. Otherwise, there are no residual differences between municipal, industrial and commercial waste. To this end waste is an inevitable by-product of our use of raw(a) resources.2 Waste is any waste materia ls generated and collected by local authorities or their agents.3Council guiding 75/442/EEC also known as the Waste Framework Directive refers to waste as any material that is intended to be discarded or ought to be discarded.5 For all intents and purposes, was is construed within the parameters of the Council Directive.6In general poor waste management practices can lead to loose debris and pollutants which poses a health risk on site and in the general vicinity.7 These pollutants attract insects and become breeding grounds for germs.8 hearty waste degrades and generally pollutes the area. Similarly liquid wastes becomes stagnant and likewise emits offensive odors and attracts insects such as mosquitoes and new(prenominal) germ and disease carrying insects9. Liquid waste is particularly problematic for Grangewood since its dye is left out so that it is exposed to rain and liquidizes into an unnatural state. Simply put, the Waste Management/The Duty of Care/A

Buddhism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Buddhism - Essay ExampleThis essay examines the main aspects of the South Asian Buddhism and the author reviews the following books, The recognise of Buddhism, by John strong and The South Asian Buddhism, by Berkwitz. The work concentrates not only on the logical Buddhism thinking but also the South Asian cultural history. Berkwitz tries to spread some get by on the Buddhistic restoration in South Asia and the socio-cultural history of South Asian Buddhism of the modern and past. The inaugural chapter re-examines the development of asceticism in prehistoric India and Buddhist monasticalism. The third chapter surveys the origins and development of Mahayana Buddhism and commemorates Mahayana legendary and literary accomplishment. A Berkwitz note on the enduring struggle in Buddhist study is to reach a pellucid conclusion regarding the origins of Mahayana Buddhism. The fourth chapter looks at the sequential or chronological development of Buddhist reflection and the later on inte gration of Buddhist scholasticism, whereby the heritage of Santideva, Dharmakrti, Buddhaghosa and Vasubandhu, and their relevant works are briefly described. The chapter also describes the development of Buddhist Tantra and Vajrayna. In chapter five and six, Berkwitz surveys the recurrent Buddhism developments in South Asia. This review entails Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Bhutan Buddhism, as well as the monastic organizations, local Buddhist literatures and ritualism, in those particular countries (Stephen 165).

The Reasons for Transfering the Home-Country Human Resource Management Term Paper

The Reasons for Transfering the Home-Country Human Resource Management Policies to the Overseas Subsidiaries by Organizations - Term Paper sheathThe most common reason for the transfer of home- area human resource perplexity policies to overseas subsidiaries is the need for organizations for promoting undiversified policies in all their sectors so that conflicts and failures are minimized. Such issue is highlighted in the study of Wilton (2010) where reference is do to the example of Japanese firms that had to establish branches and operational units abroad. Japanese firms tend to promote team working and line of work sharing however, after entering the US market the Japanese firm had to align their HRM strategies with the US laws and ethical motive (Wilton 2010). In order to avoid conflicts with local laws and culture, the Japanese firms transformed their HRM policies promoting task demarcation and functional distinctiveness (Wilton 2010, p.141). From a similar point of view, Sparrow (2009) notes that firms may choose to transfer their home-country human resource management policies to their overseas subsidiaries in order to reduce costs related to training of new employees. Such stead can be valuable only if the time during which the home country HRM policies are used in the overseas subsidiary is limited if such practice is continued for a long period of time, therefore the cost involved would be much higher compared to the development of new HRM policies, aligned with the local culture. This meat that expatriates who are sent to work to overseas subsidiaries for supporting the transfer of their firms HRM policies to these units should be attached a time framework for finishing their tasks. On the other hand, it is perceived that the promotion of policies, which have been already tested in the home country, should be preferred (Stahl and Bjorkman 2006). Introducing new policies is always risky, especially if taking into term the physical distance between the mother company and its subsidiaries (Stahl and Bjorkman 2006). Most important, the HRM policies developed in the home country are fully aligned with the organizations mission and values (Stockhammer 2011).

Smile and the World Smiles Back at You Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Smile and the World Smiles Back at You - Essay utilizationAccording to Grandey, Fisk, Matilla, Jansen, and Sideman (2005a), it is particularly important to appear both competent and likeable in making a good impression.Any part of the body can be used in nonverbal communication. However, unrivaled part, the face, is the most expressive. Various parts of the face and how they are used are strong ways of communication eye contact, frowning, dropping ones jaw, pouting, crying, smiling, and more. Though each of these topics can be a paper in and of themselves, it is the net - smiling - that volition be the focus of this paper, specifically its role in retail sales. The paper will look at two factors 1) Whether the salesperson smilingd at a new customer as a function of whether the salespersons previous customer interaction resulted in a sale or not and, 2) Whether the diametrical conditions (smile/no-smile) led to a visibly different response (positive/engaged or negative/distance d) from the new customer. hike detail on the query hypotheses will be presented at the end of this section.There is a stagger of literature on nonverbal communication and smiling. ... Duchenne smiles use specific muscles around the cheeks and the eyes, and raise the cheeks. Some authors come to to these as a felt or authentic smiles, and they are consistently preferred by observers to the non-Duchenne smile as reported by Ekman, 1992 Ekman & Friesen, 1982 and Frank, Ekman, & Friesen, 1993 (as cited in Grandey et al. 2005a). This division, while valuable for some research, also makes comparing research studies difficult as not all studies detail the type of smile of the person being observed. In addition, not all researchers are knowledgeable in the differences between the two types and how to assess if a overcome (i.e. observed salesperson during field study) exhibited one or the other. However, given the many references to the two types of smiles, it is important to dispute th e two types here.Swinyard (2003) completed a complex, multi-hypotheses study on the effect of salesperson mood, shopper behavior, and customer service aspect at two store types (department store, discount store). He did not, however, articulate how mood was shown in the study, thus introducing complications, such(prenominal) as whether a smile (seemingly evidence of a good mood) was Duchenne or non-Duchenne, and the possible impact that efficacy have had. Expectedly, he found that store salespeople in a good mood will house better customer service than those in a bad mood. This may seem to be a statement of the obvious, but better customer service is a hallmark of successful companies, particularly as he cited, Nordstrom. Better customer service does not always have to be complicated, it can be a genuine smile and a warm greeting. Hall and Horgan (2003) substantiate the

Genetically Modified Food and Crops Essay Example for Free

genetically Modified Food and Crops Essay schema Since the 1980s scientists have been altering shaves, including some of the provender we eat (Fairly Gaskins, 2000). genetically modified nutriment has perpetually been a concern for many pot. I watch over the concerns to be unwarranted beca usance there has never been a shun health report due to the fact of consuming GM foods. Biotechnology gives us the shell means for solving the worlds food shortage now and in the future. Genetically modified primp plants atomic number 18 now get downn on nearly 150 million acres in the coupled States alone, support farmers to amplification outturns, reduce pesticide spraying, and save topsoil (Conko Miller, 2011). What argon we actually eating? Looking at ingredients on the back of a product was almost considered out of the ordinary ten to fifteen years ago. but now it is one of the most important factors in the decision on whether or not a consumer will buy the product. In a ll the research I conducted there was never a proved harmful mental picture from genetic engineering. However, the benefits are scientifically proven which gives genetically modified crops the advantage everywhere tralatitious solid ground. The proposed ideas and research by scientist show that a lot more can buoy be serve with GM food other than eating it.Globalization of GM crops is becoming apparent as intimately as GM crop commercialization. _Keywords GM Food, GM Crops, Genetically engineered crops, Biotechnology, GM organisms. _ Genetically modified organisms can be defined as organisms in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in a elbow room that does not occur naturally. The technology is often called biotechnology and it allows selected individual genes to be transferred from one organism into another(prenominal) (World Health Organization, 2002). For more than twenty years of scientific, humanitarian, and financial success genetic engineering has been applied to agriculture.This has been complete without injury to a single person or damage to the ecosystem. However, activists are still fighting the use of genetically modified crops (Conko Miller 2011). Millions of people around the world suffer from malnutrition and with the steep projected increase of our worlds population in the abutting fifty years a change needs to be make. Genetically modified crops increase yield, nutrition and uses less pesticides all without proven negative effects. GM crops and all its benefits make it the gateway for the worlds agriculture success.Genetically modified crops are becoming the building blocks for agriculture advancements. Scientists are continually working to create more benefits for consumers as well as farmers. The main concern of GM foods is negative health risks however, they are actually more beneficial. GM foods have longer shelf life, contain high nutritional value and are safer to eat. For example, GM corn has lower fungal to xin content then non-GM corn, and farmers typically produce GM crops using fewer pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers (Tyson, 2001).By drastically reducing the use of chemicals on the plants it provides a major improvement for the consumers safety and nourishment. Because scientists slightly tweak the DNA of the plants with other genes it is possible that food allergens whitethorn end up in GM products. Steve Taylor, a scientists at the University of Nebraska states that, the food-allergy threat is small because food engineers now avoid using genes from nuts and other common food allergens. The benefits of genetic engineering condone the risk (Fairley Gaskins 2000). Products from biotechnology are no less safe than traditionally bred crops. According to Dr.Prakash, genetically modify products are subjected to intensive testing, while conventional varieties have never been subjected to any such regulation for food safety or milieual impact (Prakash, 2000). Every GM food that is currently available on the international commercialise has already passed risk assessments and is not likely to pose a risk for the consumers. No effects have been shown and GM foods will continue to be regulated in more and more countries (World Health Organization, 2002). GM crops are never expected to present a health risk and thus should reassure government officials worldwide in the use of this technology.Another concern of GM technology is the effect it has on the environment. The environmental risks of biotechnology are also unidentified middling like the health trepidations. No scientific examine proves that GM crops are harmful to the environment. U. S. officials pointed out that scientists in Europe had been unable to find any evidence of added risk to human health or the environment from any GM crop variety developed to date. In fact, none of the studies by Europe found any scientific evidence of added harm to humans or the environment (Paarlberg, 2003).GM engineer ing will actually help the environment rather than harm it. In the U. S. alone farmers annually plow more than nine hundred 70 million tons of dirt ball and plant killers. Now GM crops have the ability of containing their own insect and plant killing gene which means the farmers can use fewer chemicals (Tyson, 2001). To ensure that the environment is stay safe, risk assessments are conducted for the GM product as well as the area in which the crop will grow (World Health Organization, 2002).Furthermore, the United Nations Environment Program has used funding for developing countries to hold biosafety regulations for GM crops. The UNEP wants these regulations implemented before any crop is planted no matter the cost or delay (Paarlberg, 2003). Since 2011, The U. S. Department of Agriculture has approved seventy four different GM crops. In distributively case the crops data was reviewed for several years and each concluded that they will have no monumental environmental impact (C onko Miller 2011).These precautionary measures toward genetically modified crops allow the government to regulate farming actions and safeguard the environment. The initial reason GM organisms were created was to improve crop production. The GM crops currently on the market are mainly aimed at an increased level of crop protection through the introduction of subway system against plant diseases caused by insects or viruses or through increased tolerance towards herbicides (Tyson, 2001). Producers are getting a lot more for a lot less which translates to products with lower prices.The improved production of crops and technology accounts for the bring down costs and have forced tremendous competition in the herbicide and insecticide markets (Prakash, 2000). This also helps traditional farmers because it now allows them to buy these products at a cheaper cost. In fifty years the world population could crown eleven billion people unfortunately, the current food supply is not expandi ng at the same rate. Because of this, GM crops need to expand and gain popularity over traditional farming. Global GM crop farming in 1999 covered about one hundred million acres (Tyson, 2001).Now, genetically modified crop plants are grown on nearly one hundred fifty million acres in the United States alone (Conko Miller 2011). These statistics show that GM crop farming is rapidly expanding and the benefits are obvious. Biotechnology and its productiveness give us the best chance to safely work out the food needs of today and the future. scant(p) farmers in tropical countries face problems such as crop pests, drought and low soil magnificence (Paarlberg, 2003). These are the people who annually struggle to produce enough food for their families. Bugs, drought and disease undo many acres of farmland every year.Fortunately scientists are creating GM crops with built in guard to insects and diseases. GM Crops are also universe developed that can grow in deserts or near salt wat er which allows more area for farming (Fairley Gaskins, 2011). Because GM crops are now being built in with these resistances farmers wont experience huge financial setbacks caused by pests killing their plants. Since the majority of malnutrition people in the world live in developing countries this opens up the opportunity for them to increase crop yield and provide enough food for everyone.Also, in developing countries people often have to survive off a single staple that own its own doesnt supply sufficient amounts of nutrients. Food scientist hope to solve this problem by creating crops equipped with vitamins and minerals. According to Tyson, one of the most promising is golden rice, which can energise our bodies to generate vitamin A. In the developing world, vitamin-A deficiency kills two million children each year (Tyson, 2001). A ontogeny through GM foods may be able to save two million people which would be a life changing breakthrough.Scientists are also trying to perfe ct eatable vaccines. They are genetically adding vaccines to tomatoes and bananas, since traditional vaccines are expensive to manufacture and require specialized storage. Eatable vaccines, will be easier to transport, store, and administer in third world countries (Tyson, 2001). Biotechnology holds unlimited potential for areas of the world where poverty and poor clownish conditions make farming challenging. The U. S. needs to ensure the people of these countries that GM food is safe and will be nothing but beneficial to their people.Genetic engineering is a crucial factor in unpolished productivity and if it continues to safely expand it could help meet the problematic food challenges that have already started. Genetic engineering holds great possibilities that could change the world. Simply peeling back a banana infused with antibiotics could be the next breakthrough science has to offer. Biotechnology continues to show safety is not an issue. GM farmers are now administering fewer chemicals on their crops. This reduces the amount of air pollution and water contamination in the environment.Genetic modifications were being made since farming started. Farmers always crossed bred the most successful plants year to year and without any concerns from the public. Today, scientist have a better understanding of how genetic modifications work making it safer for the consumers. However, government regulations are still implemented just for precautionary purposes. The United States is fortunate enough to grow numerous varieties of crops and also have the ability to distinguish the method of how they are grown. Unfortunately, not every country has these advantages.Genetically modified products allow these developing nations to grow crops at a more productive rate. Commercialization of genetically modified agriculture needs to be strictly monitored to make sure regulations are followed. Over industrialization of farming today is negatively viewed thence making it essential that a golden mean is set for genetically modified products.BIBLIOGRAPHY Fairley, P. , Gaskins, P. (2000). Food agitate. _Scholastic Choices_, _15_(8), 16. CONKO, G. , MILLER, H. I. (2011). The Rush to Condemn Genetically Modified Crops. _Policy Review_, (165), 69-82. World Health Orginization.(2002). Retrieved from website http//www. who. int/foodsafety/publications/biotech/20questions/en/index. html Tyson, P. T. (2001, April 12). _Harvest of fear_. Retrieved from http//www. pbs. org/wgbh/harvest/embody/ Prakash, C. (2000).Genetically engineered crops can feed the world. Retrieved from http//www. 21stcenturysciencetech. com/articles/biotech. html Paarlberg, R. L. (2003). Reinvigorating genetically modified crops. _Issues in Science and Technology, 19_(3), 86-92. Retrieved from http//ezproxy. sju. edu/login? universal resource locator=http//search. proquest. com/docview/195920735? accountid=14071.

Cellular Respiration Essay Example for Free

Cellular Respiration EssayAnswer the following questionsCellular respiration What is cellular respiration and what are its deuce-ace stages?Cellular respiration is a way cells store food and energy, a catabolic pathway for the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The cellular respiration happens in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The three stages are Glycolysis, Citric hertz, and electron transport. What is the role of glycolysis? take on the reactants and the products. Where does it materialize?Glycolysis splits the sugar that goes in to the cell. Then in converts in to energy the cell need. It does not need oxygen to occur. What is the role of the citric acid cycle? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur?Citric acid occurs after glycolysis process, high energy electrons are pull ind. It occurs only when oxygen is present but does not always use it. What is the role of the electron transport system? Include the reactants and the products . Where does it occur? Electron transportation system requires oxygen. Its a series of electrons carriers in the membrane of the mitochondria.Photosynthesis What is the boilersuit goal of photosynthesis?Photosynthesis is a process whereby plants, algae and bacteria convert light energy in to chemic energy, using carbon dioxide and water. Because photosynthesis only occurs in plants, why is it essential to animal life?Photosynthesis is important for animals because the plants produce the sugar they need as a vital nutrient for the animals. What is the role of the light reactions? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur?The reactants of light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis are H20 (water), ADP, and NADP+. The products of light-dependent pathways of photosynthesis are Oxygen, ATP, and NADPH. The reactants of light- free-lance reactions are ATP, NADPH, and Carbon Dioxide. The main purpose of the light independent reaction is to produce glucose. Rate This Answ erWhat is the role of the Calvin cycle? Include the reactants and the products. Where does it occur?Summary justify how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are linked within ecosystems.The link between photosynthesis and cellular respiration is an inverse relationship both are opposites of each other. Photosynthesis is the process by which carbon dioxide is converted into organic compounds from sunlight. The near frequent compound is sugar. Visit the NASA website (http//data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/graphs/) and research global temperature changes. How has global warming affected overall temperatures? What make do cellular respiration and photosynthesis have on global warming?References.1. http//www.biolib.cz/en/main2. UnversityofPhoenix(2011)Photosentisys.p109

The crisis of Eurozone Essay Example for Free

The crisis of Eurozone EssayThe crisis of Eurozone which seems to open up from Greece to elsewhere in atomic number 63 has become the almost serious problem these days. Although a series of measures hand over been taken out by European Commission within two years after Europes debt crisis erupted, market and political un surety appears to be worse than ever. As the most powerful solid ground in the European Union (EU), Germany could never evade the issue caused by the Eurozone Crisis. Many critics advocate that Germany should hit the roof financial aid to other EU countries which are suffering from fiscal crisis since Germany is the richest country in EU and the only one who could afford such a huge debt, however, most Germanys citizens hold an mated view. This essay will briefly analyze the current situation of Germany and discuss both views of this issue.Germany, as the most populous nation in EU, not only has the strongest economic system, but also dominates the Europea n economy. gibe to statistics, the GDP of Germany has taken up a quarter of total EU output and a ordinal that of Eurozone. Owing to its powerful manufacturing industry and strict govern of economic cost, Germany has been little influenced by the Eurozone Crisis so far. nevertheless the economic growth was obviously behinder and almost stalled in the last two year.Based on this situation, one of the opinions proposed by advocators is that Germany could not underestimate the effects on its economy brought by Eurozone Crisis. The economy of Germany would impact and be affected by the economy of other European countries, because the total income of Germany comes from exports, chronicle for 50% of general economy in 2011, and 60% among that benefited from the countries in Europe. In other words, the exports of Germany competency suffer a certain decrease by reducing imports of other European countries while the austerity measures are implemented in order to resolve the crisis, which would consequently lead the Germanys GDP decline in the long run.On the other side, if other EU countries collapsed in this crisis and were forced to exit Eurozone, which means resurrecting of their original currencies, such as Italy reusing Lira or Spain reusing Peseta, the currencies they were going back to would surely have fallen sharply against the Euro. Then, the German products might be much more difficult to export because of being too expensive to be competitive. As a result, the GDP of Germany would suffer as well.However, a majority of German citizens hold the view that German government should not make a further payment for other countries by using German taxpayers money, since Germany has sacrificed enough for Eurozone. It is the fact that the level of consumption in Germany has been quite low and the per capita income has grown extremely slow by almost 2% per year over the last years in order to control the deficits. By contrast, some other countries in Europe h ave raised average income by more than 10% along with high welfares when German people were suffering from the reduction of welfare and a quaggy salary. Thus, it is unfair for German to bail out a country and help its indolent citizens to enjoy a luxurious life through their own suffering.In addition, it is impossible for Germany to solve the debt crisis thoroughly by constantly providing finance for other countries, which seems like a bottomless pit. The national debt of Germany has increased to 2 million until 2011, accounting for more than 80% of GDP , which has exceeded the stipulated 20% of the percentage in Convergence Conditions. In other words, if Germany go along to give financial assistance to other countries, it might have to struggle to reduce its own debts.In general, Germany should countenance financial assistance to other countries, but not to the extent of sacrificing itself and aggravating its own debts. Perhaps, Germany could provide other forms of aid such as e stablishing a scientific welfare system, introducing an advanced industrial technique or offering a better banking regulatory framework rather than just financial assistance. afterward all, it is not the Germanys responsibility to resolve the Eurozone Crisis. The countries that were plunged into crisis should take responsibilities for themselves.

School Violence Essay Example for Free

give instruction Violence EssayIntroduction From the numerous reported and even to a greater extent unreported events, give lessons ferocity is seen as a subset of youth violence and a broader health problem. Factors that contribute to direct violence ar socioeconomic status, family, peers, and mental health. The best way to deal with school violence is to relieve oneself physical and social environments that prevent violence and promote safety within schools (Brener 81). There atomic number 18 many different forms of school violence. give lessons violence could be seen as hector, fighting, weapon use, shootings, stabbings, gang violence, and now exploitation cyber-bullying. blustery tends to be the toping cause for school violence. heart schools concur the mellowedest rate of bullying at 43 percent, and 22 percent of high schools build reported ongoing bullying problems in 2005-2006 (Statistics 2). bullying not scarce has psychological effects on the victims, but it bottom of the inning affect the bully as well. Bullying discount include the following mocking, rumors, pushing, threats, exclusion, and being forced to do slightlything one does not indispensability to do. inform violence occurs in and out of school. The most reported cases of school violence occur on school property.There were 46 percent of schools reporting 20 or more acts of violence on schools grounds. Other forms of school violence occur on the way to or from school and during school-sponsored events. Not only does school violence occur in these areas, but cyber-bullying has also been a big problem in schools lately. Students who are victims of cyber-bullying are more likely to become absent from school or even worse, can lead to several cases of suicide. Bullying Bullying is viewed as a pre-evolution to violence in schools and is common among students in grades six through ten.It is estimated that about ten percent of students are bullied at some point in their li ves, six percent bind both been bullied and bullied others and thirteen percent admit to SCHOOL VIOLENCE2 bullying others. Bullying is becoming a hot topic in education because of school violence and suicides. Bullying is delimit as an act to humiliate another person who is perceived as weaker, or less able-bodied than the bully. The act of humiliation can be anything from physical, verbal or horny abuse, as well as cozy badgering, which has been categorized under bullying recently (Fried, 1996).The bully is normally a person of controller over the one being bullied. In girls, dominance is achieved by social status and popularity. In boys, it is achieved by physical qualities such as size and strength. Types of Abuse Physical abuse and bullying includes anything from punching, stabbing, shooting, strangling, and suffocating to poking, hairc tummyh pulling, and excessive tickling. physical abuse is more common between boys but there are bland some girls who bully others usi ng physical abuse. (Winkler, 2005). Violence and aggression among youth has ontogenesisd a lot in the last twenty years and it begins with physical abuse.This rise in aggression is even more alarming with the higher availability of guns. Instead of using fists and hands more students are using guns and other weapons on both their victims and their bullies. Verbal abuse is the most common form of bullying and there are various forms of this abuse. Verbal abuse is used with an intention to harm another and cause pain, and is used to get together power over another person. (Fried, 1996). In addition, verbal abuse also leaves the victims smell outing alone and exposed, and usually escalates, leading to physical consequences.Emotional abuse can reduce a chelas sanction to the point where they consider themselves unworthy of respect, friendship, love and protection. This is the most difficult face of abuse to define and diagnose. It can include rejecting, isolating, terrorizing, and corrupting. SCHOOL VIOLENCE3 inner abuse is the most complicated, the most difficult to document, and the hardest to address. Sexual interactions involving kidskinren with peers or younger children are problematic if the relationship is coercive, exploitive, aggressive or threatens the physical or psychological well-being of every participant (Fried, 1996).Sexual abuse needs ii conditions to take place Sexual activities involving a child and an abusive condition. There are two categories of knowledgeable activities noncontact and contact sexual abuse. Noncontact abuse includes exhibitionism, voyeurism, verbal sexual propositions or harassment. It can also include sexual notes or count ons, sexual graffiti, making suggestive or sexual gestures, pulling someones clothes off, and spreading sexual rumors (Fried, 1996).The conditions of noncontact sexual abuse is sexual activities that occur when there is mutuality, experimentation with sexual language and words in a non-demeaning way, situations when children have make up power and authority, and an absence of coercion or manipulation. Contact sexual abuse is when the other person has a large age or maturational advantage over the child, is in a position of authority, in a caretaking relationship with the child, or the activities are carried out against the child using either force or trickery. What Makes a Bully? Bullies are usually confident and have plenty of egotism.They have no fuss in making friends, and these friends usually share pro-bullying attitudes and problem behaviors. Bullies tend to get in more deflect in school and do poorly in their academics. Often coming from homes where their parents provide little emotional support or involvement, where discipline styles tend to be either extremely permissive or excessively harsh leads to bullying behavior. There is a strong relationship between bullying other students at a younger age and being involved in legal and criminal activities later on in life.About 60 percent of people that were surveyed who were SCHOOL VIOLENCE4 considered bullies in sixth through ninth grade had at least one criminal conviction by age 24 (Rimm, 2005). Victims of bullying tend to have social adjustment problems and are more likely to have low self-esteem and feel anxious and insecure. They out of dately defend themselves, and male victims are usually physically weaker or little than their peers. The most common reason why kids were bullied was that they do not fit in. Children who are bullied may feel anxious, fearful, and have a hard time concentrating on schoolwork.Worrying about being harassed by their peers may also make them afraid to even go to school. Researchers have found that adults who were bullied frequently as children had higher levels of depression and lower self-esteem than other adults (Rimm, 2005). Those who are both bullied and bully others usually have the most serious behavioural and emotional problems. Social isolation, lac k of success in school and behavioral problems combined make them a high-risk group. It is most likely that they were bullied first and then imitated the bullying behavior, although it is likely that they bullied first and others later retaliated.They exhibit social-emotional adjustment problems typical of bullies as well as victims which makes it unlikely that they will be resilient enough to adjust to a healthy lifestyle without effective intervention strategies. Middle School Violence Middle school is the period in schooling that comes between primary and high school. The notion of middle school comes from G. Stanley Hall in 1904 that emphasized the need for an intermediate school. According to Hall, there was an adolescent age that requires its own in-between level of schooling.He defines the childhood period as step by step terminating at the end of the twelfth year, with the transition of adolescence beginning at that point (Coopock, 1974). SCHOOL VIOLENCE5 The background d raw above is essential in providing reasoning for the increase in violent acts as well as the nature of the violent acts. Middle school is where violent behaviors begin to fester. Just like the middle child in a family, they struggle to fit in. They are too old to fit in with the elementary students and they are not quite old enough to fit in with the high school students.They are battling with hormones associated with puberty and as mentioned above, are starting to develop physically, mentally, and emotionally, which leads to more aggression, sexual frustration and for some, the inability to get it on with new social problems. Common Signs of Violence in Middle School Although there are some forms of violence in elementary school, middle school is where the more violent acts begin, where act shootings, sexual harassment and or sexual assault and bullying are the most common.Other forms of shootings, stabbings and fights are common end-to-end a childs schooling, but as mentioned in the statistics there is a significant increase in the amounts and forms of violence that occur in middle schools. The numbers go from 34 percent which includes rare shootings, name calling, tattling, fighting, stabbing and bullying in the elementary level to 76 percent which more than manifold adding rampage shooting, sexual assault and sexual harassment to the list at the middle school level. Sexual harassment and or sexual assault can be perpetrating by students and administrators.For example, Clevelands Wiley Middle School teacher was sentenced to 153 years for sexually harassing and assaulting two middle school students. The effects of assault caused by military group leaves a bigger scar on these children because the perpetrators are individuals who are supposed to be responsible for defend the students. Instead, 31 year old Christopher Thomas of Eastlake used his cell phone to call and text inappropriate sayings of a sexual nature with two 14 year old girls from June 20 08 until November 2009.One of the girls he sexually assaulted in her home and his cell SCHOOL VIOLENCE6phone and computer contained nude photos of both girls. During his sentencing, the perpetrator cited that he knew what he was doing was wrong. (website, 2010). Middle High School Violence Rampage Shootings Most other forms of violence have been described throughout this essay showing the different forms and most of the swearation provided mainly deals with the problems of urban schools. yet contrary to belief, suburban schools encounter school violence of all forms and are concomitantly known for rampage shootings. Rampage shootings are different from other forms of school violence.For example, these shootings can take place on school campuses before an audience of fellow students it can involve multiple victims who are often chosen at random and can be carried out by students or former students of the school where they occur. (Hunnicutt, 2006). For example 14 year old, Michae l Carneal of West Paducah, Kentucky, always wore black and was known by his class mates as a Satanist, he went to school on the morning of Dec. 1 1997 and pulled out a 22 caliber handgun and started firing into a praying group of students.He left 3 girls dead and 5 others wounded (Hunnicutt, 2006). Littleton, conscientious objector is home of the most famous rampage shooting recorded in high school history. The perpetrators were two students who attended Columbine High School, Klebold Dylan and Eric Harris. These two young men, dressed in camouflage, entered the building and began shooting at random. They killed 13 people before killing themselves. The Columbine High School shootings gave the world a picture of one type of violence that is within high schools. School Violence Urban Suburban Schoolsanother(prenominal) factor that may influence the occurrence of violence in schools is the number of students that attend a particular high school. There is a large possibility that the relationship of having more students can directly lead to a form of competition and problems becoming more SCHOOL VIOLENCE7 intense. Compared to the 200,000 public elementary and secondary schools in 1940, there were only 65,000 schools in 2005. In those 65 years, the numbers of schools decreased while the U. S. population change magnitude by 70 percent (Quindlen, 2001).A study done by Barker and Gump in 1964 on social functioning size and high school size, recognized that on average, students in smaller schools put down in cheating(a) activities twice as much as students who are in larger schools. some other study concluded that smaller high schools sizes had more positive results than larger schools in academic performance, absenteeism, dropout rate, extracurricular activities, sense of community, student satisfaction, social behavior, dropout rate, and parental involvement, regardless of rural or urban settings.Now feeling at numbers, smaller high schools (enrollment size 4 00-600) experienced one-eighth the rate of serious crimes (four percent compared to 33 percent), one-tenth the rate of physical attacks with weapons (two percent to 20 percent), and one-third the rate of theft or larceny (18 percent to 68 percent) and vandalism (23 percent to 62 percent) of that compared to larger high schools (enrollments above 600) (Devoe et al. , 2002). The rates of schools violence tend to mirror the behavior of the general population.Community violence in the inner cities is more of a problem than in rural areas, with rampage shootings being the exception. This helps partially prove that community violence has a direct influence on the children. Much research today suggests that violence is a learned behavior, so children acting out in violent or aggressive ways may have learned the violence from adults in their community. Early intervention may be the best way to prevent this type of behavior. Making the environment safe is the most important thing a communi ty can do.Schools have adopted a zero tolerance policy against school violence which helps prevent violent acts of behavior. closure SCHOOL VIOLENCE8 There are three recommendations from Dessels article that can be drawn to inform future practice in education and future research in public school settings. First, change magnitude attention must be paid to the constructs of public school ending and climate. Second, changing school culture and climate specifically involves teacher education. Third, future research must improve and explore the barriers to implementing programs.As Zirkel and precentor (2004) state, in 1954 people were not asking whether schools would welcome and nurture African the Statesn children and adapt the course to be inclusive, but were only starting to open the doors. Today, the doors must not only swing long open, but all children must be welcomed with acceptance, celebration of differences and acknowledgement of the contribution of diversity, for the ben efit of everyone (Dessel, 2010). Bibliography Coopock, N. (1974). iddle Schools School leaders digest. In N. Coppock, Middle Schools School leadership digest (pp.1-42).Arlington National Association of Elementary Principal. Fried, S. Fried, P. (1996). Bullies Victims. New York M. Evans and Company, Inc. Hunnicutt, S. (2006). School Shootings. In S. Hunnicutt, School Shootings (pp. 1-102). San Diego Thomas Gale. Kaiser, D. A. (2005). School Shootings, High School Size, and Neurobiological Considerations. Journal of Neurotherapy, 9(3), 101-115. doi10. 1300/J184v09n03. 07 Logue, J. N. (2008, January). hot Death in American Schools in the 21st Century Reflections Following the 2006 Amish School Shootings.Journal of School Health. pp. 58-61. doi10. 1111/j. 1746-1561. 2007. 00267. x. Mayer, M. J. , Leone, P. E. (2007). School Violence and Disruption Revisited Equity and Safety in the School House. Focus on Exceptional Children, 40(1), 1-28. Rimm. S. (2005). Growing Up Too Fast The Ri mm Report on the Secret World of Americas Middle Schoolers. New York Rodale, Inc. Stein, N. (2007). Bullying, Harassment and Violence Among Students. In , Radical Teacher (pp. 30-35). Radical Teacher. Website. (2010, November 17). 19ActionNews. Retrieved February 22, 2011, fromETeacher convicted of sex acts sentenced to 153-years in prison 19 Action NewsCleveland, OHBreaking News, Weather, Exclusives. mht ETeacher convicted of sex acts sentenced to 153-years in prison 19 Action NewsCleveland, OHBreaking News, Weather, Exclusives. mht. Werle, G. D. (2006). Taking Steps to Promote Safer Schools. Journal of School Health, 76(4), 156-158. doi10. 1111/j. 1746-1561. 2006. 00087. x Winkler, K. (2005). Bullying How to Deal with Taunting, Teasing, and Tormenting. Berkley Heights Enslow Publishers, Inc.

Memory Essay Example for Free

retentiveness Essay1. What is chief(a) warehousing? What are the characteristics of first memory?It has long been noted that it is possible to ca-ca some training in mind for a brief period of time. In the late 1950s, researchers began to moot that such brief memories might be supported by the primary memory. The three characteristics of primary memory are forgetting (ca theatrical occasiond by both interference and decay) the format in which the information is coded (in terms of sound, visual appearance, and meaning) and the meter of information that can be held, or capacity (which depends on the type of information). Much ( hardly not all) of the forgetting from primary memory occurs due to interference. Proactive interference occurs when older learning interferes with new learning. In retroactive interference, afterwards learning interferes with earlier learning.It appears that material can be coded in primary memory in at least three focusings visuospatially, acou stically (in terms of sound), and semantically (in terms of meaning). There is also turn out for a primary memory component that can store tactile memoriesthat is, how things feel on the spit outbut not much research has been directed toward that representation (Harris, Miniussi, Harris, Diamond, 2002 Romo Salinas, 2003).Around the turn of the 20th century, researchers began to use the digit span task to measure the capacity of primary memory.2. What is the process of memory from perception to recuperation? What happens when the process is compromised?The perception of primary memory occurs in manifold ways. Much of it consists of our knowledge of what words mean, well-nigh the ways they are related to one another and the rules of communication and thinking. This kind of memory, which makes use of language possible, is semantic memory while primary memory can also consist of episodic memory which is unionised with respect to when genuine events happened in our lives. It is a record of what happened to us and does not lend itself to drawing of inferences. The storing of primary memory occurs in various ways. One of them is organizing and arranging the input so that it fits into existing long-term memory categories, grouping in some logical memory, or arranging in some other way that makes sense.The organizational encoding may be inherent in the input itself or it may be supplied by individuals as they learn and remember new things. Imagery also plays an important role in storing of information into memory. One explanation for the importance of stimulus imagery in learning and storing information to memory, is that a concrete stimulus (one, for which, imagery is readily evoked in mind) provides a conceptual leg on which responses can be hung. During encoding, the to-be-remembered information, especially if it is a complex life event or something you lay down read, is modified. Certain details are accentuated, the material me be simplified which is call ed structural processes. One important constructive process is encoding only the gist or meaning of complex information such as what we have read in a newspaper, magazine, or book.3. Is it possible for memory retrieval to be undependable? Why or why not? What factors may affect the reliability of ones memory?Successful retrieval of a memory depends largely on the cues available at the time of retrieval. But sometimes, when cues will not help the memory is simply lost. The idea that memories simply fade away with time corresponds to our everyday experience, but it is difficult to prove. It is more certain that new things you learn can interfere with things that you already know, thereby make forgetting. The idea that memories simply fade away with time corresponds to our everyday experience, but it is difficult to prove. It is more certain that new things you learn can interfere with things that you already know, thereby causing forgetting. Forgetting can occur because (a) you p ut ont have the right cue for retrieval, (b) the association between the cue and the target memory is compromised in some way, or (c) the target memory itself is lost. There is some evidence supporting each mechanism. We presently consider the possibility that some memories are never lost.

How Media Affects Society Essay Example for Free

How Media Affects confederation EssayHow The Media Affects Society The media is undoubtedly a real and influential aspect in modern day night club. As a means of communication in a world very much advanced in technology, the media touches all types of people through various forms such as the radio, newspapers, televisions etc. The question remains what information is left unbiased and untarnished? The people within society must sort through the many bits of information fed to them and unfortunately, in most(prenominal) cases, all bits of media is gainn as the whole truth. The ways in which media impacts society to a great uttermost are through the facts it chooses to reveal, as recently seen in the case of the Tamil war in Sri Lanka. The character in which it is presented such as the recently reported cases of Tamil stand on the streets of downtown Toronto and at last in the manner it chooses to behind certain audiences, such as the case of Victoria George-Pazzano in Mexico. The media shams society through the facts it chooses to reveal. The media can choose to mention certain things and non to mention certain things.As seen in the recent Tamil war in Sri Lanka all mainstream media outlets were banned from broadcasting out of the country. The media then proceeded not to broadcast any of it, leaving people unaware of it on a global scale, until the Tamils outside of Sri Lanka began to protest and make other countries aware of the situation. The media chose not to reveal this information and if it was not for the protest and marches held roughly the world it is possible, that society could have never known that genocide was being used against the Tamil Tigers.Society needs the media to be informed on the events happening around the world, but sometimes the media may not choose to show us what is exactly going on. This can result in society not knowing how to react to what is happening in other parts of the world. Just as important as the facts the media chooses to reveal, the nicety and manner in which the media presents these facts plays a large role on societys take on events. The tone in which the media presents the facts in can be hostile, neutral or in favour.The tone can affect societys view on the situation, resulting in either a positive or prohibit reaction. As seen on May 10th when thousands of Tamils met on Torontos Gardiner Expressway, for almost 4 hours shutting down a key arterial blood vessel in the citys road network. If the media had said, The Tamil protesters are keeping Torontonians hostage in their own city vs The Tamil protesters are bravely doing what needs to be done to save their families.This could have resulted in Toronto turning against the Tamil community and possibly resulting in hate detestations, but instead the tone of the media was in favour of the protesters. Which has resulted in a positive reaction from Toronto and the Canadian government. The tone in which the facts are presented by the media, can considerably change the point of view of the consumer, and can have either a positive or negative reaction regardless of the truth behind the facts. Lastly, the media uses its voice to target certain audiences for certain reactions. Who can the media target?In the case of Victoria George-Pazzano, a 29 year old woman who suffered a bare asthma attack while on vacation in Mexico became critically ill. Victorias family pleaded to the Canadian government and Ontario hospitals to land her home,but were continuously told that at that place were no beds and doctors available to treat in all of Ontario. The family of Victoria then pleaded in that location case to the media, who in return targeted the government officials and found out that either the hospitals or the officials were lying to Victorias family because there were more than 20 beds available at the time.Because the media targeted the government with the right tone and direction of attention, the heat was st age on the government for action because all of the attention was affecting there reputation. Without the media Attention, Victoria George-Pazzano would have died in a hospital bed in Cancun Mexico because the government of Canada pushed her aside. With these three weapons at the medias disposal, namely the facts it chooses to reveal, the perspective it chooses to take and the people it wishes to target. The media holds a great deal of power and influence over society.Of assembly line, it may be for a positive effect or a negative one. Would one rather live in tutelage of all the rapes, assaults, robberies and murders that are reported or live happy, not knowing about every crime that takes place? That is another debate altogether. But, one thing is for certain the people should not live blindly at the word and mercy of the media or another. There should always be room for doubt, speculation and of course ones own opinions. Although the media may carry a great influence over socie ty, each person is authorise to think for oneself.

Oil and Fuel Prices Essay Example for Free

Oil and Fuel Prices EssaySince 1980s, the determine of fuel and cover has assumed an upward trend. The price of crude crude per barrel was being sell at 40 dollars. In 2007 it was 92 dollars and in February 2008 the price per barrel hit 103 dollars. The swot in fossil oil and fuel prices has take to the chuck out in the living standards as most commodities atomic number 18 each directly or indirectly affect by it. Many items that ar used in our homes are the products of petroleum and those that are non are affected in that the transport cost go mettlesome when the price of oil and fuel go up. Though the price of oil has al fashions been on the increase, the late(a) soaring of these prices had risen to the levels of concern in America as well as to the rest of the world. In June 2008, the price per barrel in USA cost 142$ a figure that has never been witnessed before in the history of oil prices. Why is it that the price for oil and fuel is always increasing, what ar e the situationors that have led to the rise of these prices? This is what this paper will mainly focus on. There are various factors that are attri besidesed to the rise of oil and fuel prices and one of them is the ever growing economies for Asian countries like China and India.As the economies of these nations grow, they train more postcode than before thus causing the select for oil to go up. Oil demand in China is growing by eight percent annually since 2002 and this is a double to the roam prior to this period. As nations become developed, more industries are built that demand a circle of energy to run them also many people are able to buy vehicles that consume a lot of oil thereby leading to the rise in the price of oil and fuel. (Williams. J. L. 2007) The other cause of the rise of oil and fuel prices is rate at which oil is supplied by those nations that are responsible.If the demand for oil is soaringer(prenominal) than the rate at which the oil is being supplied, w hat replys is the rise of oil prices. This is what is known as the market forces that go the price of the product or simply the law of the market. Of late, the bill of the oil that is being produced by OPEC has been on the decline and the causes for this problem are many and complex. Some countries have deliberately firm to cut the amount of oil they produce so as to save their oil wells from being depleted.Those countries that are exist by oil depletion, the cost of production goes up because when the level at which the oil is found deepens it becomes lowering to extract it. This has a domino effect as the burden of meeting this cost is placed on the consumers so if the production cost is high then the price of oil and fuel goes up. (World Bank, 2000) In as far as that some oil producing countries might be experiencing oil shortage, the theory might non be hundred percent true as it is not the sole cause for the rise in oil prices.There are other factors that have contri sti lled to the rise in these prices. Political turbulence in the Middle East has also contributed to the oil shortage in the world. When US attacked Iraq in a ask for to terminate the regime of Sadam Hussein, the rate of oil production was affected because the state was subjected to a state of anarchy. This affected the worlds oil prices immediately. The very(prenominal) was witnessed in West Africa and to be particular in Nigeria where the rebels targeted the oil companies and the pipelines.Also in Venezuela strikes, civil unrest and political turbulence hampered the normal production of oil in 2007. All these factors leads to the low supply of oil globally something that causes the rise of oil and fuel prices. This adds weight to the fact that it is the forces of the market that determines the price of the commodity. The price of oil in the unify States of America varies from place to place for object lesson in the West Coast, the price of oil is higher than that of the Gulf Coas t regions which enjoys much lower prices.It is gestate that the difference depends on whether the infrastructure of that region or country are good and more specially the pipeline network that makes it possible for oil to be transported easily and fast. The other reason that is put fore is the manipulation of prices by the suppliers for example, California has a big population and this means that the rate of energy usance is very high. The problem that faces California is that there is no controversy among the oil companies as far as oil supply is concerned so, what these companies do is that they manipulate the oil prices to suit them.They cause an induced oil shortage leading to increased prices. (World Bank, 2000) Though reasons such as increase in oil demand, environmental issues, weather changes, depletion of oil reserves and poor price control mechanism especially by OPEC has been unsaved for the rise in prices. Political turmoil in the Middle East, in West Africa and in Venezuela and the reduction in oil supply could lead to the hiking of prices, there are still other reasons that could lead to the same for example, in 1972, the price per barrel was three dollars but by 1974, the price had already doubled.The reason for this was not necessarily the political disturbance in the Middle East because the United States decided to support Israel but the reason was that the Arab countries whose majority are the main oil producers, got angry by the US sham and decided to cut the amount of oil they produce in the normal circumstances. In response, the Arab nations placed an embargo against the United States and its allies infact they decided to cut the amount of oil they produce by five barrels per day. This move has adverse effects on the oil economy as it led to the oil shortage in the world and in turn the rise of oil prices. Associated press, 27th 2008) Whenever oil and fuel prices go up, the disposal of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is h eld responsible by politicians and the media. According to Clough, (2006), OPEC is not in anyway responsible for this as its role is to stabilize the price of oil by making sure there is availability of oil in the market by regulating the demand and supply. The other problem if it not lack of competition among the oil supplying companies, is the merging of companies.In USA companies joining together for better service furnish are allowed but the problem is that these companies become a formidable force that exploits the consumers for in US, there are five mergers which are among the biggest in the world and they control 62 percent of oil in the market. These are companies such as Conoco Phillips, Exxon Mobil, Royal Dutch-Shell, BP Arco and Chevron Texaco. Because of the part of oil they control in the market, they alter prices the way they want or in other words, they form a cartel that no other soul can challenge. This dramatic increase in the control of the top five companiesmak es it easier for the oil companies to manipulate gasoline supplies and to intentionally withhold supplies in order to drive up prices. (Clough, RG. 2006, 32) To conclude, the tensions that were experienced in Turkey in 2007 and the destruction of pipelines by the leftists could also be contributory factors to the rise in fuel and oil prices but the current rise in oil and fuel prices is not necessarily as a result of political instability but it is also believed that the growth in Gross Domestic Products (GDP) of many nations leads to high oil demands.This is because, as the economy of a country improves, people are able to buy cars and accordingly the demand for oil due to increased transport. The prices of fuel and oil are projected to rise to great heights if the demand for oil by the developing nations continues in the same trend. Political instability in the Middle East is also leading to this problem and if peace would prevail, then the prices would tremendously come down.

University Education Is Necessary Essay Example for Free

University Education Is Necessary adjudicate accord to Casse and Banahan (2007), the different approaches to training and development need to be explored. It has come to their attention by their ingest preferred model and through experience with large Organisations. The current traditional training continuously go about the challenges in the charterion of the employees, in concording the uncertainty related to the purpose and in introducing new tactics for the milieu of work and by recognizing this, they advising on all the problems, which reiterates the requirement for flexible approach. Usually the anagers have the choice to select the best training and development programme for their staff but they always have to bear in mind that to increase their chances of achieve the target they must follow the five points highlighted by Miller and Desmarais (2007). According to Davenport (2006), mentioned in his recent studies that its easy to implement strategy with the internet su pported software. Some of the Training theories brush off be effective immediately on the future of the skill and developments. The content and the access are the unfeigned factors for the process.It is a representation itself by the Access on main aspect what is effective to the adopted make in training development. As per the recent theories to access the knowledge is changing from substantial in the traditional to deliver the knowledge for the virtual forms to use the new meaning of information with electronic learning use. either organization needs to have well trained and experienced people to perform the activities that have to be done. If the current or potential Job occupant can meet this requirements, training is non imparting. only if when this is not the case, it is necessary to raise the skill levels and increase the versatility and adaptability of employees. Inadequate Job performance or a decline in productivity or changes resulting out of job redesigning or a tec hnological snitch through require many type of training and development efforts. As the Jobs become more complex, the magnificence of employee development also increases. In a rapidly changing society, employee training and development or not only an activity that is desirable but also an activity that an rganization must commit resources or to if it is to maintain a viable and knowledgeable workforce.Training, education, and development are three terms frequently used. On the causa of it, there might not appear any difference between them, but when a recently thought is given, there appear some differences between them. In all training there is some education and in all education there is some training and the two process cannot be separated from development. Edwin flippo Training is the act of increasing the knowledge and skill of an employee for doing a particular Job.

Buddhist, Confucian, and Taoist Views on Benevolence Essay Example for Free

Buddhist, Confucian, and Taoist Views on Benevolence EssayBenevolence bath be defined as the moral inclination to be cordial and compassionate. If quite a little could control their malicious behaviors and focus on alive(p) in acts that atomic number 18 solely beneficial to humanity, the earth would be much much prosperous. Being kind to former(a)s gives us a feeling of contentment that is otherwise unattainable. Receiving compassion and kindness provides us with a good sense of gratitude and haleness that m whatsoever cannot help but share with others. No one enjoys existence the subject of individual elses ill lead. This is why moral codes such as (but not limited to) Buddhism, Confucianism/Taoism ready emerged. If everyone followed any one of the previously stated practices, it would be much easier for humans to grow and develop as a whole because there would be fewer causes of our discontentment.The Buddhists ultimate goal is to end pitiable by achieving enlight enment, or nirvana (Kessler, pg. 186). Benevolence is indefinitely required to reach this state. Enlightenment can totally be obtained by recognizing the Four Noble Truths. This basically states that life is suffering, which is the result of bad karma caused by malevolent actions that are compulsive by natural human desires. The end of desire will inevitably be the end of suffering. The only way to end suffering is by following in the footsteps of Siddhartha Gautamas enlightenment (Kessler, pg. 166). This method of rescue an end to suffering is otherwise known as the Eightfold Path, or the Way of the Buddha. In high society to obtain the selfsame(prenominal) enlightenment, Buddhists are required to uphold a strict set of rules regarding the way to post as a beneficial member of society, including right view, right thought, right speech, right conduct, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right meditation. (Kessler, pg. 224).The most devout Buddhist possesses immense self-control and discipline in crusade to live the purest, least harmful existence contingent. A good example of the ideal Buddhist is the bodhisattva. Bodhisattvas have reached the ultimate level of moral purity, kindness, and compassion toward the reality and therefore live to relieve people from suffering (Kessler, pg. 170). Concerning boilersuit kindness and compassion, the share and preservation of the entire world should be taken into account originally performing any act. No living being should ever be harmed or killed. One should neer steal from another, but may receive gifts openly. Buddhists should be chaste, truthful, and fair. They are required to keep peace among people if necessary. A devout Buddhist would never speak to someone in a discourteous manner, including sharing erroneous information (Kessler, pg. 185).This moral code practiced by Bodhisattvas is directly concerned with the wellbeing of the world through good deeds, which leads to the end of e ternal suffering, according to the previously stated teachings of the Buddha. Another influential instructor of morality and obtaining widespread human prosperity is Confucianism. The Way, or Tao, is the Confucian pattern of human nature. The Mandate of heaven is dictated by the fact that humans, by nature, want to obtain balance and harmony in the world, which is possible beginning with harmony within the self. Harmony within ones self leads to harmony among other people, which results in the harmony of natural phenomenon, and thus the world is harmonious.This requires that all human emotional conditions be in balance. Although the flavour is truly inconceivable, this can be most closely described as the Confucian concept of heaven. People must be understanding and compassionate towards one another, and make sacrifices for the greater good. When this is achieved, human palmy is then possible. People are either intelligent enough to possess the sincerity of the way, or they can be instructed to do so. Humans are all capable of making a contribution toward achieving the ready of the Way, which results in spiritual salvation (Kessler, pg. 242-243). The most important way this goal is to be achieved by the pursual of Confucian teachings is through sacrifice. An honorable person intends to sacrifice in order to spread good will to the earth.This helps emphasize the responsibilities all humans have to maintain peace and harmony in the world for the well being of everyone (Kessler, pg. 240). Humans are born into different ranks, which must be taken into consideration, but the overall goal of Confucian teaching is to uphold the moral obligation of goodness. Elders and authority figures are to be respected in accordance to the Confucian way. For example, a child is respectful to a parent because both are needed to maintain balance in the family. This plays a crucial constituent in the functionality of the family unit. The same notion can be applied to the cit izen and his governing body. The citizen is obedient to the government because defiant behavior would lead to loony bin (Kessler, pg. 242). The Buddhist and Confucian doctrines are similar in many ways.The ultimate goal of both sets of teachings is the same human benevolence leads to moral salvation and the well being of humanity. Renunciation plays a major role in the overall intention of both parties. The crucial difference between the two is the source of the regarded texts. Confucians fate is subject to the government no matter what. They pay respect to all people, but understand the indispensability to respect the upper class because they play a major part in the well being of the whole. The elders and authority figures take care of the younger or less fortunate.Buddhists focus more on solitude and sustaining suffering for the greater good. They go as far as to give up normal alimentation habits as to refrain from any selfish behavior that may lead to bad karma. Confucians a lso undergo suffering, but do not give up basic human desires for the benefit of others. They are undeniably considerate. Any feeling that one would not enjoy feeling would never be bestowed upon someone else. No form of extreme asceticism required of Confucians as it is sometimes in Buddhism. Rather, Confucian success is more important to human flourishing. Although true, both moral concepts have the same intended outcome of benevolence toward everyone. working CitedKessler, Gary E. Ways of Being Religious. Mountain View, CA Mayfield Pub., 2000. 166+. Print.